Parkinson's Disease Support Group
Parkinson's disease is a movement disorder often characterized by muscle rigidity, tremor, a slowing of physical movement, and in extreme cases, a loss of physical movement. The primary symptoms of Parkinsons are due to excessive muscle contraction, normally caused by the insufficient formation and action of dopamine, which is produced in the dopaminergic neurons of the...
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Brer T
BT
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BT
When pharmaceutical companies get a patent on a new molecule, they have 20 years to recoup the cost of developing a drug out of it. Two decades sounds like a long time, but clinical trials eat several of those years, leaving only a handful of years to earn back the money spent bringing the drug to market. So pharmaceutical companies look for loopholes in the law. Here are three shady things these companies do to extend their patents - and rake in more cash from consumers.
Photo by Mircea BEZERGHEANU via Shutterstock.
Once the patent expires, other manufactures can make the medication, and this severely decreases the cost of the pharmaceutical. That's why companies try to extend the time they hold exclusive rights to a drug and can set prices as high as they wish. One common way they do this is to develop new chemical entities - small modifications of existing, often "off-patent molecules" that allow them to get a 5 year extension on the patent.
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This method is simple. Take two existing pharmaceuticals on the market, combine them as a new medication, and bring it to retail. The mashup (known as combination therapy in medical vernacular) is a great way to sell "off-patent" pharmaceuticals under a brand name and charge a higher price.
Method Two: The Planned Purification
Research into Lexapro began in 1997, six years before the Danish pharmaceutical company Lundbecks patent on the molecule citalopram, the active component of the anti-depressant Celexa, expired. The pharmaceutical Celexa exists as a mixture of two forms of the same molecule, (R)-citalopram and (S)-citalopram.
Lexapro spent only three and a half years in development, with this short time period due to knowledge that only one of forms of molecule citalopram caused the anti-depressant effects of the drug. Lexapro, the purified replacement, contains only the active form of citalopram, (S)-citalopram. This purified version instantly becomes a new drug in the eyes of the FDA, warranting a five year period of exclusivity as a new chemical entity, and providing an amazing revenue source when Celexa became vulnerable to generics in 2003.
Method Three: Alternate Delivery
The extended release trick! While this method benefits many patients, creating a micro-encapsulated form or a pill with layers that dissolves at different rates and allows for controlled release helps a brand stay on the market.
A great example of patent award via alternative delivery is Intermezzo, a form of the generic drug zolpidem, the molecule active in Ambien. Intermezzo dissolves quickly under the tongue, unlike the pill form of zolpidem, allowing it to be approved as a new chemical entity in November 2011 by the FDA.
Intermezzo also features a lower dosage of zolpidem. The combination of quick onset and low dosage allows for a shorter period of sleep than the 8 hours required for Ambien. Intermezzo features the same active molecule as Ambien (now available as a generic), just a different dosage and method of uptake, yielding five years of patent exclusivity for Transcept Pharmaceuticals to sell Intermezzo.
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knowledge is power!..........if you use it.....
BT
tough love
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Brer T
I have been doing half tablets since the first post. I take a full tablet at 6am. The other 4 Sinamet tablets I break in half, and take at two hour intervals starting at 9am.
I am enjoying much more even relief from tremors. I have fewer nap attracts.
He also takes 25/100 Levo/Carbo Sinemet daily.
During the past 9 years except for the first year he has been taking
2 tablets, four times a day. At 7 a.m. 11 a.m. 3 p.m and 8 p.m.
For a few years now he has been sleeping a lot during the day and I noticed that after taking the pills, about 45 minutes later he is sleeping. The sleepiness has increased and I told the MDS about it and asked if we could change something to make his less sleepy.
He said there really isn't anything we can do as if he didn't take them, he would shut down . Also he has Atrail Feb. or irregular heart beat so he can't take certain things.
His memory is has also been affected and they think he has some dementia and also experiencing hallucinations. He also wasn't sleeping at night and they thought he was getting his day and night mixed up and this was causing the hallucinations. (they have slowed down now)
They wanted him to get his nights straight so put him on 12.5 mg. of Quetiapine which is a very, very low dose.
This medication does not affect the irregular heart beat.
I was upset about the sleepiness during the day that was still a factor, so he said that there is an experiment we could do that would be harder on me and might not work, but we could try for a month.
They said he could take the pills 8 times a day, meaning take it every 2 hours. It wouldn't change the dosage, but might help with the sleepiness Or there is also a drip that they could attach if he didn't pull it off.
So for almost 2 months I have been setting the alarm on my smart phone and it rings every 2 hours starting at 7 a.m.
His sleepiness has decreased and if he is stimulated more he is better. It's weird though the dementia causes him not to know me at times and that is hard on me. .
I know you don't have the extra problems he has, but changing or cutting the Sinemet in half shouldn't make it less affective. In fact at the beginning 9 years ago, he was take 1 1 /2 tablets 4 times per day.
The doctor said I could change the dosage, like going back to 2 at a time at some point in the day, but I did that one night at 7 p.m. and he slept for almost 2 hours. He also said to try to stay on a schedule so they know how to help him.
So you can see that the pills affect people but what are you going to do? You can't not take them as I said, you will shut down which is not an option.............
Good Luck with your medication. It sounds like you have a handle on things.
LYNN
Hang tough!
BT
BT