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Their dynamic changes of expression during murine development are consistent in most organs except in the heart and muscle tissues, which indicate a compensation of functions http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YES1 in the TIEG family. Further investigations would be necessary to clarify this issue and their roles in murine organogenesis. ""Advances in immunosuppressive drugs have improved the short-term survival of liver transplantation. However, drug toxicities have been a serious problem in patients after long-term administration. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel immunosuppressant with low-toxicity. We investigated the immunosuppressive effects of Emodin on acute graft rejection following liver transplantation in rats. The recipient rats of orthotopic liver transplantation were divided into groups as follows: isograft+NS group, allograft+NS group, and allograft+emodin group. The survival time of the recipients in each group was recorded. Histopathological changes in the liver, as well as serum concentrations of IL-2, TNF-��, and IL-10 and their expressions in liver tissue were determined. Our results showed that Emodin treatment prolonged liver allograft survival time and inhibited histopathologic changes of acute graft rejection. The rejection activity index in groups isograft+NS, allograft+NS, and allograft+emodin were 1.52 �� 0.37, 6.95 �� 0.75, and 4.23 �� 0.51, respectively (P http://www.selleckchem.com/products/azd9291.html group). The serum levels http://www.selleckchem.com/products/carfilzomib-pr-171.html of IL-2 and TNF-�� were down-regulated but that of IL-10 was up-regulated by Emodin. Serum levels of IL-2 and TNF-�� were higher in allograft+NS group than the allograft+emodin group, but that of IL-10 showed opposite effects (P