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Including patients with negative urinary protein excretion on dipstick analysis, a total of 145 of 396 (36.6%) patients developed new-onset proteinuria after conversion. Urinary protein concentration measurements were available in 332 of 396 patients after conversion (83.9%). In 90 of those patients (27.1%), new-onset proteinuria (>500?mg/L) was detected after conversion (Fig.?6), resulting in an estimated risk of new-onset proteinuria of about 37.6% after five?yr. Patients with tumors (N?=?104) had similar rates of new-onset proteinuria http://www.selleckchem.com/products/MK-2206.html compared with patients without (36.5% vs. 37.8%, p?=?0.819). Patients having undergone a combined kidney/pancreas transplantation (N?=?38) showed a trend toward a less frequent incidence of new-onset proteinuria compared with patients with kidney-only transplantation (23.7% vs. 39.7%, p?=?0.060), although this analysis is limited by low numbers. In most cases, new-onset proteinuria (>500?mg/L) started within the first six months after conversion (N?=?57, 19.2%). Patients with a new-onset proteinuria had already significantly higher urinary protein concentrations at the time of conversion (mean 78 vs. 155?mg/L, p? 46.2?��?23.5?mL/min, p?=?0.004) differed significantly between patients with and without new-onset proteinuria at the end of observation. To find a cutoff value for the development of new-onset proteinuria, we performed a ROC curve analysis with an AUC of 0.749 (Fig.?7, p?