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For acute T-cell-mediated rejection, the three critical components are significant interstitial infiltration (>25% renal parenchyma affected), tubulitis, and arteritis. The borderline change is diagnosed when there is mild to moderate interstitial inflammation, but only mild lymphocytic tubulitis is present. Chronic T-cell-mediated rejection is based http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Everolimus(RAD001).html on the presence of arterial intimal proliferation and interstitial fibrosis. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA). Continuous variables were analyzed using Student's t-test or chi-square test. Frequency data were analyzed using fisher's exact test. Results were considered statistically significant when p-values were less than 0.05. The general characteristics of the study population are shown in Table?1. Of the 482 patients who underwent kidney transplantation in the total cohort, 30 were found to have weak DSA with MFI values in the range of 800 to 3000 �C these constitute the weak DSA group. The remainder of the cohort (n?=?452) had no detectable DSA, constituting the no DSA group. DSA with MFI value of 3000 was a contraindication to transplantation. There were relatively more women in the weak DSA group than the no DSA group, consistent with the known phenomenon of sensitization associated with pregnancy. The recipient ages were similar. The bulk of the patients in both groups were performed in the setting of kidney transplant alone, although a small number in both groups had kidney transplants performed in the setting of combined kidney�Cheart, kidney�Cliver, or kidney�Cpancreas. None of the patients in the weak DSA group underwent combined kidney�Cpancreas transplantation. The mean ages of the donors and recipients were similar for the two groups. There were more deceased donor and fewer live donor transplants in the weak DSA group (p?=?0.05). The rate of transplants using organs from donation after cardiac death (DCD) was similarly low between the two groups. In the weak DSA group, there were one living-related donors and two unrelated donors. Female sex and African American race were present to a greater degree in the weak DSA group than the no DSA group, these differences reached statistical significance (p?=?0.05, p?=?0.01). Table?2 compares the two groups for the presence of several additional features thought to contribute to poorer immunologic outcome and likelihood of rejection. A small number of patients in each cohort had positive antibody detection, but MFI?