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f.?=?277, t?=?39��4, P? http://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD6244.html body size (ln?W) and relative brain size () (, d.f.?=?277, t?=?0��0002, P?>?0��999). The first hypothesis tested here relates to the assumption that Jerison (1973) made in arguing that an arms race takes place between predator and prey for brain size. That is, if a prey with a larger relative brain size is more difficult for a predator to find or handle, a predator that utilizes larger-brained prey needs to become more capable of cognition and thus develop a larger relative brain size. Otherwise, the interaction strength becomes too weak for the predator to persist with the prey. http://www.selleck.cn/products/azd4547.html Similarly, a prey would require a larger brain to keep the interaction strength low and survive attacks from larger-brained predators. This predicts a positive correlation between relative brain size of prey and predator. My analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between relative brain size of preys and predators (r?=?0��28, d.f.?=?621, t?=?7��14, P? http://www.selleckchem.com/products/MK-1775.html and speculated that predators require a larger relative brain size than their prey for a successful hunt. However, the pattern found in my analysis of fish prey�Cpredator pairs was opposite to Jerison��s speculation. The fraction of predator�Cprey pairs where the relative brain size of the predator is larger than that of the prey was 214/624?=?34��3% (214/594?=?36��0% excluding cannibalisms). The relative brain size of the prey was significantly larger than that of the predator (t?=?9��05, d.f.?=?622, P?