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Among 111 T-LBL cases in our clinical trial, we obtained http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Cisplatin.html complete cytogenetic data from 56 patients. The comparison between our cytogenetic findings and those from three published T-LBL studies revealed no significant difference. However, meta-analysis showed that translocations involving chromosome region 9q34 were significantly more common in T-LBL than in T-ALL. In particular, four out of the 92 T-LBL cases, but none of the 523 paediatric T-ALL cases, showed translocation t(9;17)(q34;q22�C23) (P?=?0��0004). Further studies are needed for the possible linkage between abnormal expression of genes located at 9q34 and/or 17q22�C23 and the unique ��lymphoma phenotype�� of T-LBL. In children and adolescents, precursor T lymphoblastic neoplasms have been classified into two diseases: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Vorinostat-saha.html (T-LBL). Although the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification designates both malignancies as T lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma (Borowitz & Chan, 2008), there is continuing discussion on whether T-ALL and T-LBL are two separate entities or whether they represent two different clinical presentations of the same disease. They show overlapping clinical, pathological and immunophenotypic features. In general, the word ��lymphoma�� is used if there is a bulky mass in the mediastinum or elsewhere, with less peripheral blood and bone marrow (BM) involvement. Most study groups distinguish between leukaemia and lymphoma on the basis of the extent of BM involvement: patients with http://www.selleck.cn/products/ve-821.html diagnosed with lymphoblastic lymphoma; in cases of 25% or more BM blasts, the diagnosis is leukaemia. While this distinction may appear somewhat arbitrary, a notable observation is that T-LBL patients with large mediastinal masses frequently exhibit little, if any, evidence of tumour dissemination and BM involvement, but the molecular background for this difference is unknown. Chromosomal analysis has been widely used as a primary step that is required to narrow down the responsible genes that define a disease entity. For instance, discovery of Ph chromosome led to the identification of the chimeric BCR/ABL1 gene, which is responsible for and defines chronic myeloid leukaemia. Compared with T-ALL, chromosomal abnormalities in T-LBL are not well defined. Reports in the literature and current textbooks claim that the typical chromosomal aberrations reported in T-ALL can also be found in T-LBL (Borowitz & Chan, 2008). However, there are no large series of cytogenetic data on T-LBL (Burkhardt, 2010). This study aimed to fill the gap regarding cytogenetic data in T-LBL and compare the cytogenetic findings of T-ALL and T-LBL, which may lead to identification of the molecular background behind phenotypical differences between the two disease entities.