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Active: five AEs (all mild): three gastrointestinal, one cardiovascular, and one general (includes two biochemical: one increase in serum lipase, one increase of serum bilirubin ). Placebo: four AEs (two gastrointestinal and two musculoskeletal). Men with a single, negative prostate biopsy (6�C12 cores) within previous 12 months. None was using a steroidal or non-steroidal anti-androgen. Excluded: men with HGPIN or ASAP at baseline, or a history of PCa. Age: 50�C75 years (median 66 years) Gleason score: 5�C9 (6, n = 17; 7, n = 7, 8, n = 0; 9, n = 1) PSA: 2.5�C10.0?ng/mL Equol producers: http://www.selleckchem.com/products/abc294640.html n = 76 (48%) vs non-producers, n = 82 (52%) RCT (DB) n = 158/153 Soy isoflavone tablet (n = 78/75) vs placebo (n = 80/78) 12 months 60?mg/day isoflavones: (daidzin 19.1?mg [31.9%]; genistin 3.5?mg [5.8%]; glycitin 10.4?mg [17.3%] daidzein 0.2?mg [0.3%] genistein 0.1?mg [0.1%] glycitein 0.2?mg [0.3%]) or placebo. 1.?PSA 2.?Sex hormones: testosterone, DHT, SHBG and oestradiol. 3.?Incidence of biopsy-detectable PCa, HGPIN, and ASAP 4.?Serum isoflavones levels 1 & 2.?No significant findings within or between groups. 3.?No significant difference in cancer incidence between soy and placebo (9/42 vs 16/47 [21.4 vs 34.0%], P = 0.140). In the subset of men aged ��65 years (n = 53), PCa incidence in the isoflavone group (7/25) was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (16/28 [28.0 vs 57.1%], P = 0.031). Lower incidence of a Gleason score ��6 and HGPIN in isoflavone group compared with placebo, but not statistically significant. 4.?Daidzein was significantly increased in the http://www.selleckchem.com/products/loxo-101.html isoflavone groups (P http://www.selleck.cn/products/ON-01910.html Daily isoflavones levels: 117?mg (genistein, daidzein, and glycitein in aglycone form) or pearled wheat bread. 1.?PSA levels 2.?Free/total PSA ratio 3.?Testosterone, SHBG, free androgen index 4.?Urinary isoflavones 1.?Change in PSA levels: soy grits superior to wheat (�C12.7 vs 40%, P = 0.02), 2.?Change in free/total PSA ratio: soy grits superior to wheat (27.4 vs ?15.6%, P = 0.01). Soy alone was superior to soy with linseed (27.4 vs ?10%, P = 0.007) 3.?No significant changes. Free androgen index: Soy alone was superior to soy with linseed (16.
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