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The overall response rate was superior for patients treated http://www.selleck.cn/products/AP24534.html with ChlVPP/ABV versus ChlVPP as was 5-year EFS (52% vs 24%, respectively) and 5-year OS (67% vs 30%, respectively). The GHSG studied the regimens bleomycin�Cdoxorubicin�Ccyclophosphamide�Cvincristine�Cprocarbazine�Cprednisione (BACOPP) and prednisone�Cvinblastine�Cdoxorubicin�Cgemcitabine (PVAG) through two recent phase II studies for untreated older HL patients. With BACOPP, the CR rate was 85%, and the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and OS were 60% and 71%, respectively. However, the regimen was associated with substantial toxicity with 30% experiencing early termination (87% with grade 3�C4 adverse events), and the TRM was 12%. PVAG was developed in part to eliminate the need for bleomycin or dacarbazine therapy by substituting prednisone and gemcitabine. The CR rate was 78%, and the 3-year PFS and OS rates were 58% and 66%, respectively. Therapy was better tolerated http://www.selleckchem.com/products/jq1.html with a TRM rate of 2%. Kolstad et al. reported encouraging results using cyclophosphamide�Cadriamycin�Concovin�Cprednisone (CHOP) for older HL patients [23]. They treated 29 patients with CHOP-21 (early-stage: 2�C4?cycles with involved field radiotherapy (IFRT); advanced-stage: 6�C8?cycles ��IFRT). The CR rate was 93%, and with 41-month median follow-up, the 3-year PFS and OS rates for advanced-stage patients were 67% and 72%, respectively. In addition, Proctor et al. reported findings from the largest prospective study conducted to date for older HL patients��known as the Study of HL in the Elderly/Lymphoma Database (SHIELD) project [13]. They treated 103 older HL patients with VEPEMB, of which 72 patients had advanced-stage disease. The 3-year PFS and OS for advanced-stage patients were 58% and 66%, respectively. We recently reported findings on a subgroup analysis of patients treated on the North American Intergroup trial E2496 [3]. E2496 was a phase III study that randomized advanced stage HL patients to ABVD versus Stanford V. Of the 794 eligible patients, 45 were aged ��60?years. There were no survival differences between ABVD and Stanford V for older HL patients. Further, toxicities were mostly similar between chemotherapy regimens for older patients, http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Rapamycin.html although the incidence of bleomycin lung toxicity (BLT) was 24% with an associated BLT death rate of 18%. Notably, 91% of BLT cases occurred with ABVD. The treatment arms were pooled and stratified for exploratory analyses to compare outcomes on the basis of age. The TRM was significantly higher for older versus younger HL patients (i.e. 9% versus 0.3%, p?