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The PowerPoint questionnaire collected a range http://www.selleckchem.com/products/poziotinib-hm781-36b.html of information from participants, such as demographic data (Table?1), their reasons for a career in medicine, presence of role models and future career choices. Some topics of interest were dichotomized for analysis, such as grouping students for the presence of a surgical mentor or not. To assess the specific factors influencing students' career choices, students were asked to what extent the academic interest, length of training time, hours of work, lifestyle, career opportunities, ability to help people and role models were important in selecting a future career. Scores were on a modified 10-point Likert scale, with ��1�� being no influence and ��10�� an extremely influential factor. Responses were collated and transferred onto Microsoft Excel worksheets (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA) for analysis. Data were analysed in ��Statistica 10�� (StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA) using chi-squared tests for relationships between categorical values and Mann�CWhitney (MW) U-tests for comparing two independent groups with non-parametric data. P value for significance was taken at P = 0.05. The longitudinal data were also analysed with MW tests for independent groups as the anonymous use of response devices meant that participants' responses could not be paired between the two time points. The number of students interested in surgery across all 4 years was 100 (24.8%). The proportion of those interested in surgery http://www.selleck.cn/products/cobimetinib-gdc-0973-rg7420.html in year 1 was 31%, 12% of students in year 2, 23% of students in year 3 and 22% of students in year 4. There was no significant difference between the years in this cross-sectional http://www.selleckchem.com/products/ganetespib-sta-9090.html analysis (chi-squared test for trend = 1.780; P > 0.05) (Fig.?1). Conversely, comparing historical survey data from first years in 2012 with second years in 2013 (students from the same cohort surveyed at two time points) showed that 33% of 2012 first years were interested in a surgical career; then, interest in surgery appears to have fallen significantly to 12.3% in the same cohort the following year (2013) (chi-squared = 10.27; P