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e. 4.6 events/1000 person-years; mean age at presentation, 68.6?��?9.0?years). Figure?1 shows the Kaplan�CMeier curves for incident AF according to the OH status at baseline (log-rank test, P? http://www.selleckchem.com/products/a-1155463.html for conventional cardiovascular risk factors moderately attenuated the relative risk of AF (Model 2, HR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.01�C1.41; P?=?0.035). Entering pulse pressure as an alternative covariate to SBP and DBP resulted in a slightly stronger association between OH and AF (HR: 1.24; 95%CI: 1.05�C1.46; P?=?0.011), as did exclusion of all individuals (n?=?4264) with incident MI and heart failure during follow-up (Table?2, Model 3). Interaction between OH and hypertension was found to be significant (P?=?0.06) and, accordingly, the cohort was stratified by the presence or absence of hypertension at baseline. As can be seen in Table?2, hypertensive participants had a higher risk of incident AF (Model 3, HR: 1.44; 95%CI: 1.10�C1.88; P?=?0.008) when compared to those who were normotensive at baseline (HR: 1.10; 95%CI: 0.77�C1.58; P?=?0.60). In addition, the relative risk of incident AF associated with OH was graphically presented http://www.selleckchem.com/products/cb-5083.html against the background of the traditional risk factors used in the multivariate-adjusted Cox regression analysis (Fig.?2). For this figure, all HR values were obtained in Model 2 with OH http://www.selleck.cn/products/PD-0332991.html entered as a covariate, and SBP and DBP replaced by a dichotomous covariate ��hypertension�� as this term is more comprehensible in clinical applications. Studies have indicated that the current epidemic of AF cannot be explained solely by ageing of the population [31]. It is believed that age-related changes in the myocardium and the vasculature are superimposed on pre- or coexisting cardiovascular morbidities, such as coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease or heart failure, which in turn are strongly associated with conventional risk factors for CVD (smoking, hypertension, diabetes and metabolic syndrome) [10]. In parallel, the role of autonomic disorders in the pathogenesis of AF has gained increasing attention in recent years [10]. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate an association between the presence of OH and long-term incidence of AF in the general population. The existence of this association seems logical as OH predicts both all-cause mortality and coronary events [18], suggesting that accelerated progression of coronary artery disease may be the link between OH and incident AF. In our study, however, the exclusion of individuals with incident CVD (MI and heart failure) resulted in a stronger association between OH and AF; therefore other pathological mechanisms are likely to play an important role.