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6 In brief, participants were 50 healthy women more than 5 years postmenopausal with osteopenia (BMD T-scores between ?1 and ?2 at either the lumbar spine or the total hip). Exclusion criteria were previous hip or spine fracture, spine or hip BMD T-score of less than ?2, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration of less than 30?nmol/L, prior use of a bisphosphonate, use of estrogen in the past 12 months, oral glucocorticoid use in the past 6 months, and major systemic disease. Participants were recruited between February 2005 and March 2006 by newspaper advertisement and from a database of participants in previous clinical trials. Recruitment was undertaken in parallel with that for another protocol with similar eligibility criteria. During the study, one participant in the http://www.selleckchem.com/products/azd9291.html zoledronate group withdrew after http://www.selleckchem.com/products/ch5424802.html 18 months for personal reasons. The flow of participants through the study is outlined in Fig. 1. Participants were randomized to receive a single intravenous administration of either zoledronate 5?mg or placebo at baseline. No other study medication was administered. Treatment allocations were randomized by the study statistician using a variable block size schedule based on computer-generated (Excel 2003, Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) random numbers. To ensure masking, only the statistician had access to treatment allocation. The staff member who prepared the intravenous infusions had no contact with participants. All the other study personnel and subjects were blinded to treatment allocation throughout. Only the study statistician saw unblinded data, but he had no contact with participants. The http://www.selleck.cn/products/Everolimus(RAD001).html study received ethical approval from the Auckland Ethics Committee and was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12605000278639). All participants gave written informed consent. The coprimary endpoints were the bone turnover markers serum procollagen type-I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and ��-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (��-CTX). Secondary endpoints were BMD values at the lumbar spine, total hip, and total body. With allowance for 5 subjects to withdraw from each group, a sample size of 50 subjects is adequate to detect differences (with 80% power at the 5% significance level overall, p?