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Included in this review is a brief definition of pulmonary nodules and an introduction to the challenges faced. We have highlighted the current status of both MR and CT for the early detection of lung nodules. Developments are detailed in this review for the management of pulmonary nodules using advanced imaging, including: dynamic imaging studies, dual energy CT, computer aided detection and diagnosis, and imaging assisted nodule biopsy approaches which have improved lung nodule detection and diagnosis rates. Recent advancements linking in vivo imaging to corresponding http://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk2126458.html histological pathology are also highlighted. In vivo imaging plays a pivotal role in the clinical staging of pulmonary nodules through TNM assessment. While CT and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT are currently the most commonly clinically employed modalities for pulmonary nodule staging, studies are presented that highlight the augmentative potential of MR. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:1353�C1369. ? 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. ""To evaluate the feasibility of semiquantitative measurement of liver perfusion from analysis http://www.selleckchem.com/products/bay-57-1293.html of ferucarbotran induced signal-dynamics in double-contrast liver MR-imaging (DC-MRI). In total 31 patients (21 men; 58 �� 10 years) including 18 patients with biopsy proven liver cirrhosis prospectively underwent clinically indicated DC-MRI at 1.5 Tesla (T) with dynamic T2*-weighted gradient-echo http://www.selleck.cn/products/CAL-101.html imaging after ferucarbotran bolus injection. Breathing artefacts in tissue and input time curves were reduced by Savitzky-Golay-filtering and semiquantitative perfusion maps were calculated using a model free approach. Hepatic blood flow index (HBFI) and splenic blood flow index (SBFI) were determined by normalization of arbitrary perfusion values to the perfusion of the erector spinae muscle resulting in a semiquantitative perfusion measure. In 30 of 31 patients the evaluated protocol could successfully be applied. Mean HBF was 7.7 �� 2.46 (range, 4.6�C12.8) and mean SBF was 13.20 �� 2.57 (range, 8.5�C17.8). A significantly lower total HBF was seen in patients with cirrhotic livers as compared to patients with noncirrhotic livers (P