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Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:2301�C2314. ? 2013 SETAC ""The ability to assess the toxic potential of soil contamination within boreal regions is currently limited to test species representative of arable lands. This study evaluated the use of six boreal plant species (Pinus banksiana, Picea glauca, Picea mariana, Populus tremuloides, Calamagrostis Canadensis, and Solidago canadensis) and four invertebrate species (Dendrodrilus rubidus, Folsomia nivalis, Proisotoma minuta, and Oppia nitens) and compared their performance to a suite of standard agronomic soil test species using site soils impacted by petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) and salt contamination. To maintain horizon-specific differences, individual soil horizons were collected from impacted sites and relayered within the test vessels. Use of the boreal species was directly applicable to the assessment of the http://www.selleckchem.com/products/forskolin.html contaminated forest soils http://www.selleckchem.com/products/cx-5461.html and, in the case of the hydrocarbon-impacted soil, demonstrated greater overall sensitivity (25th percentile of estimated species sensitivity distribution [ESSD25]?=?5.6% contamination: 10,600?mg/kg fraction 3 [F3; equivalent hydrocarbon range of >C16 to C34] Of/Oh horizon, and 270?mg/kg F3 Ahg horizon) relative to the standard test species (ESSD25?=?23% contamination: 44,000?mg/kg F3 Of/Oh horizon, and 1,100?mg/kg F3 Ahg horizon). For salinity, there was no difference between boreal and standard species with a combined ESSD25?=?2.3%, equating to 0.24 and 0.25 dS/m for the Ah and Ck horizons. The unequal distribution of soil invertebrates within the layered test vessels can confound test results and the interpretation of the toxic potential of a site. The use of test species relevant to boreal eco-zones strengthens the applicability of the data in support of realistic ecological risk assessments applicable to the boreal regions. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:766�C777. ? 2012 SETAC ""Surfactants are a major class of emerging pollutants widely used in large quantities in everyday life and commonly found in surface waters worldwide. Freshwater planarian was selected to examine the effects of different surfactants by measuring mortality, mobility, and membrane-bound enzyme activities. Among the http://www.selleck.cn/products/AZD0530.html 10 surfactants tested, the acute toxicities of betaine and polyethylene glycol (PEG-200) to planarians were relatively low, with a median lethal concentration (LC50) greater than 10,000?mg/L. The toxicity to planarians of the other eight surfactants based on 48-h LC50 could be arranged in the descending order of cetylpyridinum chloride (CPC)?>?4-tert-octylphenol (4-tert-OP)?>?ammonium lauryl sulfate?>?benzalkonium chloride?>?saponin?>?sodium lauroylsarcosinate?>?dioctyl sulfosuccinate?>?dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB). Both CPC and 4-tert-OP were very toxic to planarians, with 48-h LC50 values