Study On Inflammatory Bowel Disease In First Nations People Adds To Understanding Of Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a painful chronic immune disease that includes Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, has a genetic predisposition . Studies in Manitoba in the 1990s found significantly lower prevalence rates of Crohn disease (16/100 000 people) and ulcerative colitis (56/100 000) than non-First Nations people: 209/100 000 people and 176/100 000 people respectively. However, they have higher rates of other autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and ankylosing spondylitis (the latter is often found with IBD in other populations). There have yet to be studies on the genetics of IBD in First Nations people, and this study by Canadian researchers helps expand the understanding of the mechanism of IBD. Researchers from the University of Toronto and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, and the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, looked at DNA from 340 healthy First Nations people and 285 white participants from Manitoba who did not have any chronic immune diseases or first-degree relatives with a chronic immune disease. They focused on 69 different genetic markers for immune regulation called nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated, or suspected to be linked, with IBD. "We found substantial genetic variation between First Nations and white people at loci associated with inflammatory bowel disease ," write Drs. Charles Bernstein, Director of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba and Travis Murdoch, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Mount Sinai Hospital, and coauthors. They found that First Nations people compared with white people had lower numbers of genetic variants involved in recognition of bacteria, which may impact how they respond to bacteria. A current favoured hypothesis as to the cause of IBD is that the bowel is reacting against bacteria present within the bowel lumen. "There is a paucity of research chronicling the genetics of First Nations people in Canada, particularly in relation to immune-mediated inflammatory diseases," write the authors. "However, the unique susceptibility and protection patterns in this population for complex diseasesmake studying the genetics of First Nations people potentially insightful." Understanding which gene mutations are absent in groups who do not get a certain disease can help underscore which gene mutations may be the most relevant in the groups who do get the disease. browse around here http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-04-inflammatory-bowel-disease-nations-people.html





Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Dogs





Diagnosis is made by endoscopy and biopsy of the intestine wall, or by exploratory surgery. Lymphocytic-Plasmacytic Enterocolitis This is the most common inflammatory bowel disease in dogs . Lymphocytic-plasmacytic enterocolitis has been associated with giardiasis, food allergy , and overgrowth of intestinal bacteria. Lymphocytes and plasma cells are the target cells seen on biopsy. Certain breeds are predisposed, suggesting a genetic influence. They are the Basenji, Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier, German Shepherd Dog, and Chinese Shar-Pei. In the Basenji, the disease is known to be related to an autoimmune disorder. While signs can show up in younger dogs, most dogs are middle-aged when diarrhea starts. Lymphocytic-plasmacytic enterocolitis produces a small bowel type of diarrhea (see page 283). Vomiting is common. Involvement of the colon produces signs of colitis . web link http://pets.webmd.com/dogs/inflammatory-bowel-disease-dogs





More Children Are Being Hospitalized With Inflammatory Bowel Disease





IBD is often confused with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a troublesome but much less serious condition. The two major types of IBD are Crohns disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Crohns disease affects the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus, causing a wide variety of symptoms, which include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting. There are also a host of related complications outside the gastrointestinal tract such as skin rashes and arthritis. Crohns disease is caused by environmental, immunological, and bacterial factors in genetically susceptible individuals, resulting in a chronic inflammatory disorder. Ulcerative colitis is a disease of the colon (large intestine) that presents with characteristic ulcers (open sores). The main symptom of UC is constant hemorrhagic diarrhea, which requires treatment for remission with anti-inflammatory drugs and immunosuppression. The condition has no known cause, but it is presumed there is a genetic component to susceptibility. Colectomy a partial removal of the large bowel through surgery is necessary if the disease is severe and doesnt respond well to treatment or if significant complications develop. A total proctocolectomy removal of the entirety of the large bowel can be curative but has the potential for complications. Researchers from UH Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital found a dramatic increase in the number of hospitalizations for children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the United States using data from 2000 to 2009 to substantiate their results. The study looked at more than 11 million hospitalization records of patients under 20 using a federal childrens inpatient database. IBD discharges increased by 65 percent; jumping from 11,928 in 2000 to 19,568 in 2009. When looking at the most common types of IBD individually, the authors found a 59 percent increase in CD hospital discharges and a 71 percent increase UC discharges during their study period, reports Science Daily. According to the studys principal investigator, Thomas J. navigate to these guys http://www.inquisitr.com/814843/more-children-are-being-hospitalized-with-inflammatory-bowel-disease/