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Most studies about alcohol consumption and risk of hematologic malignancies concern non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Recently, a meta-analysis including 20 case-control studies, one pooled analysis https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Metformin-hydrochloride(Glucophage).html of nine case-control studies and eight cohort studies showed a reduction in NHL risk in association with higher alcohol intake.[5] Compared with nondrinkers, the pooled relative risks (RRs) were 0.88 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.81�C0.96) for light drinking (��1 drink per day) and 0.87 (95% CI, 0.79�C0.95) for moderate drinking (1�C https://www.selleckchem.com/products/BIBF1120.html (MM) in relation to alcohol, the majority observed null results in both case-control[6-9] and cohort studies.[10-13] Just few epidemiological studies have investigated the relation between alcohol consumption and the incidence of myeloid neoplasms. In the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, no association was observed for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) risk, neither with total alcohol consumption nor with specific alcoholic beverages.[14] Case-control studies investigating alcohol consumption and AML risk have shown inconsistent results, observing no association for alcohol consumption[6, 15, 16] or observing increased risks.[17, 18] A decreased risk of lymphoid neoplasms associated with alcohol consumption is supported by experimental evidence showing that moderate alcohol consumption modulates the immune system.[19] Furthermore, moderate alcohol consumption has been shown to retard the growth of malignant lymphoid cells via inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin.[20] The inconsistent study findings observed in observational studies may be explained by methodological limitations, including low case numbers of specific subtypes (n https://www.selleck.cn/products/carfilzomib-pr-171.html 17, 21] no data on the relation with specific alcoholic beverages[11, 16, 18] or retrospective assessment of alcohol consumption. The latter limitation potentially leads to (differential) misclassification of exposure. To overcome these limitations, we investigated the relation between alcohol consumption and risk of lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms, including the most common subtypes, in a large prospective cohort study of men and women in the Netherlands. Specifically, we examined whether alcohol consumption decreases the risk of both lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms. Moreover, we investigated whether this inverse association is due to ethanol or other contents of specific alcoholic beverages, i.e., beer, wine and liquor.