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Regression coefficients are reported with their standard errors, P values were calculated using the Wald test, and the respective hazard ratios (HRs) are provided with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Statistical analyses were performed using the statistical software packages SAS for Windows (version 9; SAS Institute, Cary, NC) and R (version 2.1.1; R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). Patient characteristics and the relations between pretreatment serum YKL-40 and standard http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Maraviroc.html prognostic variables are listed in Table 1. The median patient age was 62 years (range, 41-76 years), and the median Karnofsky performance status was 90%. The majority of patients were men (76%). In the past, 31 patients (16%) had undergone surgery, and 13 patients (7%) had received radiotherapy. After inclusion in the phase 3 trial for combination chemotherapy, 98 patients received GV, and 91 patients received GVP. Both treatment arms were well balanced with regard to age, sex, performance status, tumor histology, http://www.selleck.cn/products/Paclitaxel(Taxol).html tumor grade, and disease stage. The 189 patients with metastatic NSCLC had a median serum YKL-40 level of 209 ng/mL (range, 19-2153 ng/mL). The pretreatment serum YKL-40 level was not associated with age, sex, treatment, tumor grade, or disease stage. There was a significant correlation between pretreatment serum YKL-40 level and Karnofsky performance status (P = .001), and patients who had a Karnofsky performance status of 100% had the lowest serum YKL-40 levels. There also was a trend toward an association with histology (P = .01): The lowest serum YKL-40 levels were observed in patients with adenocarcinoma (Table 1). Low correlations were observed between serum YKL-40 levels and LDH (r = 0.18; P = .02), and inverse correlations were observed between serum YKL-40 levels and Karnofsky performance status (r = ?0.28; P http://www.selleckchem.com/products/pirfenidone.html (r = ?0.22; P = .002). No correlations were observed between serum YKL-40 levels and tumor stage (r = ?0.01; P = .9) or the presence of bone metastases (r = 0.01; P = .9). To evaluate the impact of the pretreatment serum YKL-40 level on response to chemotherapy, data from 146 patients were available. In these patients, the pretreatment serum YKL-40 level had no impact on response to chemotherapy. Patients who achieved a complete or partial response (n = 35) had a median serum YKL-40 level of 189 ng/mL, whereas patients who had stable or progressive disease (n = 111) had a median serum YKL-40 level of 196 ng/mL (P = .62). The median progression-free survival for all 189 patients was 24 weeks (95% CI, 19-32 weeks). No difference in progression-free survival was observed with regard to the chemotherapy regimen used (P = .4), tumor stage (P = .9), sex (P = .2), histologic types (P = .4), or grade of tumor differentiation (P = .6).