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3 �� 1.5 vs. 14.6 �� 1.8 vs. 41.0 �� 5.6%; p http://www.selleck.cn/products/U0126.html which was the primary aim of this study, the definition for SFSS in rats is still unclear [12]. Therefore, in this study we used the term ��small partial liver graft�� for a 30% partial graft. Because the characteristic microscopic findings of SFSS, http://www.selleckchem.com/products/INCB18424.html including hepatocyte ballooning and cholestasis, are thought to be due to microcirculatory disturbance [13], we consider that improvement of the graft microcirculation is a key to overcome the small partial liver grafts issue. In this study, the PVF and microcirculation of the graft and liver graft function were the highest in the VSOP+NO group, that suggests VSOP with 40 ppm-NO is effective to increase the liver graft microcirculation. Although the PVF increased at 24 h, microcirculation of the graft decreased at the same time point; we hypothesize that due to liver regeneration, tissue flow/volume (microcirculation) decreased in spite of elevation of the PVF at 24 h. Nevertheless we could successfully show significantly lower enzyme results with better graft microcirculation as well as better histological findings in VSOP+NO group with lower mean values and SEM than control group. We consider lower SEM in VSOP+NO group suggests http://www.selleckchem.com/products/PLX-4032.html stable graft preservation and perfusion compared to control group. VSOP during cold storage has been reported to be an effective method for graft preservation especially for marginal grafts. In experimental studies [2, 3]; VSOP reduced apoptosis; and improved graft viability by increasing tissue adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration, vascular endothelial function and ultrastructure in several models. In a clinical pilot study for deceased-DLT, Treckmann et al. [14] reported that the VSOP during cold storage increased ATP more than twofold and, thus, improved early aerobic metabolism; therefore, the VSOP could potentially improve primary organ function after liver transplantation. NO is a free-radical diatomic gas of low molecular weight with an unpaired electron, which is highly lipophilic, allowing it to permeate quickly across the cell membranes. Its half-life in vivo is a few seconds, and it is rapidly converted to stable nitrites and nitrates [15]. Thus, NO can act as a toxic or protective agent, depending on the surrounding conditions [16]. Murakami et al.