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These counts for the summer samples were more similar to each other, ranging from 1.08 �� 108 to 3.62 �� 108?cells?mL?1 for machines B and A, respectively, and were significantly higher than the PBS background (Table 1). The bacterial cells in the metalworking fluid were culturable at high concentrations exceeding 1 �� 108?CFUs?mL?1 for the winter fluid for machine A and the summer fluids for both machines. The concentration of culturable cells for the winter fluid http://www.selleckchem.com/products/pf-562271.html sample from machine B was six orders of magnitude lower (9.50 �� 102?CFUs?mL?1) with a CFUs/cells ratio of 2.43 �� 10?5 (Table 1). Based on operator information we obtained at the factory, the biocides in both machines were the same. qPCR analysis further validated the considerable bacterial load for the metalworking fluids, with bacterial DNA concentrations ranging from 194?��g?mL?1 http://www.selleckchem.com/products/VX-765.html in the winter fluid from machine A to 984?��g?mL?1 in the summer fluid from machine B (Table 1). The summer fluids, which were higher in temperature (Table 1), contained a relatively higher DNA concentration than the winter samples. A three-way anova between the season, machine, and quantification method determined all three to be significant factors (P http://www.selleck.cn/products/azd6738.html However, the analysis did not find a significant difference between the sampling interval days 1�C3 and 4�C6 (P=0.79) or between machines (P=0.77). Therefore, we report the average data for the entire 6-day sampling period for both indoor samplers (machines A and B combined). The averaged epifluorescence cell count for the indoor aerosols collected during the winter sampling event was 6.04 �� 105?cells?m?3 (Table 2). Compared with the indoor air, the background air sample taken outside the facility had a considerably lower average bacterial load of 1.21 �� 105?cells?m?3 (Table 2). This shows that metalworking activities raised the bacterial load in the indoor air. Compared with the winter indoor air samples, the summer epifluorescence cell counts from the indoor air were slightly lower (5.90 �� 105?cells?m?3, Table 2).
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