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Cox's proportional hazards analysis was used to compare outcomes associated with and without PCC after controlling for ICH severity. Eighty-eight patients were included (27 treated palliatively). Mean international normalised ratio was 2.9. Vitamin K, PCC and fresh frozen plasma were given alone or in combination to 68, 23 and 44 patients, and mean time from computed tomography scanning to administration was 2.2, 3.3 and 3.1?h respectively. Four patients received PCC pre-protocol (none before 2007), two during development and seventeen patients post-protocol. Those who received PCC had improved survival (P http://www.selleck.cn/products/AZD6244.html to be greater with earlier administration of PCC (P = http://www.selleckchem.com/products/bmn-673.html 0.053). Despite improved survival, discharge domicile and function were not significantly worse. PCC reversal was associated with improved survival without worsened disability. Delays in administration may have reduced the potential benefits. One of the most feared complications of warfarin use is warfarin-related intracerebral haemorrhage (WRICH).[1] This is due both to its high mortality (44�C68% at 30 days)[1-4] and morbidity. Evidence for effective options to ameliorate these poor outcomes is lacking, and there is only modest consensus on the best acute management strategies.[1, 5] Estimates of WRICH frequency vary between 6% and 24% of all intracerebral haemorrhages (ICH).[3, 5-7] Higher international normalised ratios (INR) have a higher risk of WRICH, but most WRICH occur at an INR within the target therapeutic range.[3, 4, 7] The volume of ICH is a major predictor of outcomes.[8] Haematoma expansion (HE) can continue in the first 2�C3?h after primary ICH but may be much longer in WRICH. Serial computed tomography (CT) scanning has shown that 30�C50% of primary ICH expand between 6?h and 12?h, with an associated clinical deterioration,[9] whereas WRICH expansion may continue for up to 72?h.[10] HE may worsen the already high mortality after WRICH.[9, 11] Therefore, http://www.selleckchem.com/products/lee011.html treatments to limit final haematoma volume are potentially beneficial, and guidelines recommend prompt reversal of coagulopathy to achieve this.[5, 12] All WRICH, even those with relatively small volume and better prognosis bleeds, should have urgent reversal of the coagulopathy to avoid clinical deterioration from HE.[7] There are haematology guidelines for the reversal of warfarin-related coagulopathy,[13] but a consistent approach is lacking in the stroke literature.