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Twenty milliliters of venous blood were taken before chemotherapy from 189 nonfasting patients with NSCLC. The blood subsequently was spun at 3400 revolutions per minute for 7 minutes at 4��C. The supernatant was transferred into microtubes and stored at ?70��C until analysis. The serum concentration of YKL-40 was determined by using a commercial, 2-site, sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) http://www.selleck.cn/products/Paclitaxel(Taxol).html (Quidel, Santa Clara, Calif) using streptavidin-coated microplate wells, a biotinylated-Fab monoclonal capture antibody, and an alkaline phosphatase-labeled polyclonal detection antibody. The sensitivity of the ELISA was 10 ng/mL. The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was ��5%, and the interassay CV was ��6%. Each serum sample was analyzed in duplicate. The samples were analyzed by an investigator who was blinded to the clinical parameters and study endpoint. Patients' overall survival was measured from the time of randomization to the date of either death (from any cause) or last contact for patients who remained alive (censored observation). The data were analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis. Graphic presentations using Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were produced that grouped the patients http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Maraviroc.html according to serum YKL-40 levels, which were dichotomized above and below the median serum YKL-40 level for all patients (209 ng/mL). Median survival was obtained from Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The log-rank test was used to compare survival curves. In this study, we investigated 2 outcomes, overall survival and progression-free survival, without adjusting statistical significance for this bivariate endpoint. Spearman correlation coefficients (r) and their P values of significance versus zero correlation were calculated to analyze the relations between quantitative serum concentrations of YKL-40, tumor stage, Karnofsky performance status, and metastatic sites. A statistically significant correlation (P http://www.selleckchem.com/products/pirfenidone.html To determine whether factors were associated with survival, a univariate Cox regression analysis was performed for age, sex, tumor grade, disease stage, therapy, serum YKL-40 concentration, Karnofsky performance status, and several metastatic sites (bone, liver, lung, lymph nodes, adrenals, and malignant pleural effusions). In univariate survival analyses, serum YKL-40 levels, thrombocytes, and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were dichotomized as above versus below the median. In addition, multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to adjust for potential confounders. Covariates were selected when they were significant in the univariate analysis at the level of 5%.