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All patients were given a posttransplant immunosuppressive regimen that was adapted from previous single- and multicenter trials of hematopoietic cell transplantation for hematologic malignancies (20,21,26), http://www.selleckchem.com/products/BI-2536.html and included 1 month of mycophenolate mofetil (2 g per day after cell infusion) and at least 6 months of cyclosporine starting at day 0 (blood levels at 2 h of 800 to 1200 mg/mL or trough levels of 250�C300 mg/mL). As in the previous trials of hematologic malignancies (21,26), cyclosporine was tapered starting at 3 months and discontinued at about 6 months if patients had stable chimerism (50% decline from peak) during the first 6 months http://www.selleck.cn/products/gsk126.html to ensure that a decline was not a harbinger of graft rejection. None of the 16 patients developed severe leukopenia ( http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Cyclopamine.html and reinstituted as needed to treat disease activity. Patient #1, who had a history of myocardial infarction and stent placement, died suddenly 42 months after transplantation during a mountain bicycle tour. No autopsy was performed. All other patients are alive and well at last follow-up. Figure 1 shows the percentage of donor-type cells among blood granulocytes and serum creatinine concentrations at serial time points after transplantation in 12 patients who were followed for more than 18 months. Four patients with stable mixed chimerism (column A) and 4 patients with declining chimerism (column B) had antirejection drugs discontinued. Granulocyte chimerism levels were representative of levels in white blood cells. The duration of granulocyte chimerism was shorter than that for lymphocytes including NK cells, T cells and B cells as shown in Figure 2.
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