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The statistical significance of summary OR was determined http://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD6244.html with Z-test. We first estimated with the risk of recessive model (DD vs II+DI) and dominant model (DD+DI vs II) and then evaluated variant genotype DD and compared with the wild-type II homozygote. We also estimated the risks of D vs I and DI vs II. Heterogeneity was evaluated by a X2-based Q statistic and was considered statistical significant at P-value 0.10, the pooled OR of each study was calculated by the fixed-effects model; otherwise, a random-effects model was used. The significance of the pooled OR was determined by the Z-test, and P http://www.selleckchem.com/products/MK-1775.html our searching strategy. After reading the titles and abstracts, 88 were excluded for being not relevant to asthma risk and ACE gene. The remaining 26 articles were identified for full-text view (5�C20, 22�C24) (25�C31). Then, an additional six articles were excluded [three were repeat or overlapping studies (23�C25), two were not case�Ccontrol studies (22, 27), and one did not report usable data (26)]; thus, a total of 20 articles were left for data extraction. Two articles reported two cohorts (5, 8) each, and each cohort was considered as a separate case�Ccontrol study. Thus, a total of 22 case�Ccontrol studies were identified. Additionally, the genotypes in controls for four case�Ccontrol studies were not consistent with Hardy�CWeinberg equilibrium, and these four were excluded too (28�C31). Finally, a total of 18 case�Ccontrol studies in 16 articles were identified met our inclusion criteria (5�C20), including http://www.selleck.cn/products/azd4547.html 1946 cases and 2152 controls. The characteristics of each case�Ccontrol are listed in Table?1. Genotype and allele distributions for each case�Ccontrol are shown in Table?2. There were 12 case�Ccontrols of Asians (5, 6, 8, 12�C20), six of Caucasians (5, 7�C11). Nine studies were performed in adults (6, 9�C13, 16, 17, 20), while six were in children (8, 14, 15, 18, 19), and three did not present the ages of patients (5, 7). As shown in Fig.?1, we analyzed the heterogeneity of DD vs II+DI for all eighteen studies, and the value of X2 was 48.38 with 17 degrees of freedom and P?