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In these situations, liver transplantation (LT) may be the only potentially curative treatment. The indication for http://www.selleck.cn/products/incb024360.html LT in NC-HCC patients, however, is not well established. The preliminary results of recent analysis of the European Liver Transplant Registry (ELTR) together with a literature review identified over 150 patients transplanted for NC-HCC during the last 15?years. In contrast to the historical data, these studies showed 5-year survival rates at 50�C70% in well-selected patients. Important determinants of poor outcome are macrovascular invasion, lymph node involvement, and time interval of http://www.selleckchem.com/products/cobimetinib-gdc-0973-rg7420.html is a rare type of malignancy. It is estimated that only 5�C15% of all HCC arise in an otherwise normal liver [1�C3]. In contrast to the more common type of HCC which can be found in cirrhotic livers, NC-HCC is frequently found in otherwise healthy and young individuals. The peak incidence of NC-HCC is in the fourth decade, as compared with an age peak in fifth and sixth decade for HCC in diseased livers [4]. In contrast to patients with HCC in a cirrhotic or fibrotic liver, NC-HCC typically occurs in patients without chronic hepatitis B or C infection and without any other apparent chronic inflammation of the liver. The etiology http://www.selleckchem.com/products/bmn-673.html of NC-HCC is largely unknown, although some investigators have suggested a link with the long-term use of estrogens. While HCC in cirrhotic livers is predominantly found in male patients, NC-HCC is found more frequently in female patients. In the absence of a symptomatic underlying disease, the diagnosis of NC-HCC is usually made at advanced stage when patients have already developed large tumors. Partial liver resection is the treatment of choice for NC-HCC [3,5�C7]. However, a considerable number of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage when the tumor is already unresectable, either because of tumor size, anatomical localization, or the presence of multiple bilobar intrahepatic metastases. The mean tumor size in most published series of patients undergoing partial liver resection for NC-HCC exceeds 10?cm [8�C11]. In addition to patients presenting with a large primary NC-HCC, there is a second group of patients who suffer from intrahepatic recurrence after previous partial liver resection that cannot be removed by repeated liver resection or a local ablative technique.