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Four patients with RCC in allograft kidneys were treated with nephrectomy, partial nephrectomy, or radiofrequency ablation. All of the patients are without evidence of recurrence of RCC after treatment. We found nephron-sparing procedures to be reasonable initial options in managing incidental RCCs diagnosed in functioning allografts to maintain an improved quality of life and avoid immediate dialysis compared with radical nephrectomy of a functioning allograft. However, in non-functioning renal allografts, radical nephrectomy may http://www.selleckchem.com/products/LY294002.html allow for a higher chance of cure without the loss of transplant function. Consequently, radical nephrectomy should be utilized whenever the allograft is non-functioning and the patient's surgical risk is not prohibitive. ""Hughes MG Jr, Khan KM, Gruessner AC, Sharp H, Hill M, Jie T, Kandaswamy R, Humar A, Payne WD, Gruessner RWG. Long-term outcome in 42 pediatric liver transplant patients with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency: a single-center experience. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 731�C736. ? 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract:? Introduction:? We examined the long-term outcome of transplantation for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD). Method:? Data were reviewed on 42 transplants in 35 children with A1ATD over 42?yr and compared with 129 transplants in 116 children with biliary atresia (BA). Results:? Over 50% of patients were followed up for >10?yr. A1ATD were older than BA at transplantation, median age, 6.0 vs. 1.0?yr (p? and transplanted earlier in the course of liver failure (total bilirubin, 2.7?mg/dL [1.4�C6.9] vs. 9.7?mg/dL [2.9�C15.4], p?=?0.005). Patient survival was greater in A1ATD than BA: one-yr post-transplant, 82.7% vs. 67.9%; five?yr, 76.5% vs. 60.2%; and 10?yr, 76.5% vs. 55.9% (p?=?0.03). Death-censored graft survival was similar: one-yr post-transplant, 68.4% vs. 66.2%; five?yr, 68.4% vs. 55.8%; and 10?yr, 68.4% vs. 52.5% (p?=?0.2). Deaths were from infection, hemorrhage, and graft failure