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Acoustic recordings began immediately after local sunset (Eberswalde-Finow, Germany, 52��49��N and 13��31��E) and continued until 1:00?a.m. to account for the main activity peak of the bats during the first half of the night (Rydell, Entwistle & Racey 1996). Three to four experimental plots in different forest types were sampled each night, and each experimental plot was visited twice during the study period with an interval of 5?weeks. Acoustic recordings were conducted http://www.selleck.cn/products/blu9931.html along the edges of each 100*100?m experimental plot using a combination of point-stop and transect monitoring. Point-stops were located at each corner of the experimental plot. Transects (100?m) were walked slowly and in a direct line between the point-stops. Survey time at point-stops and during transect walks was 6?min each. This resulted in a total survey time of 48?min and 400-m transects per experimental plot. Sound recordings were made in real time (sample rate: 384?kHz, 16 bit) with a Petterson-D1000x bat detector (Pettersson Electronic AG, Uppsala, Sweden). Individual recordings were triggered manually by listening through headphones to the output of the heterodyne system while continuously scanning the frequency range between 20 and 80?kHz. The pre-trigger time of the detector was set at 10?s and the post-trigger time to 50?s resulting in standardized file length of one minute. We used Avisoft SAS Lab Pro, version 5.0.24 (R. Specht, Avisoft Bioacoustics, Berlin, Germany) for sound analysis. Spectrograms were generated with a http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Bortezomib.html Hamming window (1024 FFT, 96% overlap). We evaluated the number of bat passes as a measure for bat activity. A bat pass was defined as a minimum of two consecutive echolocation calls (Fenton 2004). Successive passes within the one-minute recording files were discriminated if the time interval between calls was larger than three times the regular pulse interval of the respective species (Estrada-Villegas, Meyer & Kalko 2010). We also assessed feeding activity of bats by counting terminal http://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk1120212-jtp-74057.html phases (call sequences emitted at a high repetition rate prior to prey capture attempts; Schnitzler & Kalko 2001). Bat activity and feeding activity were positively correlated (Pearson r?=?0��83, P?