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The average proportion of genetic variation explained by farm differences was 9% by Wright's FST index. A phylogenetic tree constructed with a neighbour-joining method based on Reynolds genetic distances and a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo clustering approach revealed clear differences between farm groups that generally corresponded to historical information and could unambiguously differentiate Casta Navarra cattle from the other populations. The percentage of animals correctly assigned to the Casta Navarra population was 91.78% for a q threshold of >0.9. Admixture was only detected in 4.45% (q? http://www.selleck.cn/products/BKM-120.html amount of genetic variation with important cultural, historical, sociological and environmental values (Hiemstra et?al. 2010). Analyses of the genetic structure http://www.selleckchem.com/products/chir-99021-ct99021-hcl.html and diversity of certain populations can be used to conserve specific breeds. In this work, we have studied the Casta Navarra (CN) cattle, a population of the Lidia breed (fighting bull, FB). Casta is the term used to describe a population of the Lidia breed with a common geographical origin and similar morphological and behavioural characteristics (Uriarte 1969). The current Lidia breed came from seven foundational castas: Morucha Castellana, Jijona y Toros de la Tierra, Cabrera, Gallardo, Vazque?a, Navarra (CN) and Vistahermosa, which were divided into different groups and include most of the current FB subpopulations or encastes. Casta Navarra has been isolated from the other castas for centuries and constitutes a unique population that differs from the other FB subpopulations in both behaviour and morphology (Larrea et?al. 2005). Casta Navarra is the most ancient of the foundational castas of the Lidia breed. Although there is evidence of festivities with bulls in Pamplona around the 14th century, only in the 16th century do we begin to have knowledge of breeder organizations that used unique brands to distinguish their animals. At the end of the 17th century, groups http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Y-27632.html of former farmers appeared who were dedicated to the breeding and production of CN fighting bulls. Since then, farmers have shaped groups of geographically separated animals to have specific morphological characteristics and temperaments. By the 18th and 19th centuries, five lines of CN fighting bulls had been consolidated (Guendulain, Lecumberri, Lizaso, Murillo and Laborda), and all current herds derive from these stock. To date, the breeding of these lines has led to the main present lineages known as Superv��a, Nogu��, Casas, Gabas and Gal��, respectively (Reta 2012).