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This CMML-specific cytogenetics model included three cytogenetic risk categories: low risk (normal karyotype http://www.selleck.cn/products/Erlotinib-Hydrochloride.html or loss of Y chromosome as a single anomaly), high risk (presence of trisomy 8 or abnormalities of chromosome 7, or complex karyotype), and intermediate risk (all other abnormalities). In addition to CMML-specific cytogenetics, FAB- and WHO-CMML subtypes, and red blood cell transfusion dependency divided patients into four risk groups with a median survival of 72, 31, 13, and 5 months, respectively [42, 43]. Itzykson et al. recently published a prognostic score taking into account the ASXL1 mutation status of 312 CMML patients. One hundred twenty-five (40%) patients had an ASXL1 mutation. A prognostic score was calculated based on the following five parameters that retained significance on multivariable analysis: http://www.selleckchem.com/products/MK-2206.html age >65 years, WBC >15 �� 109/L, anemia, platelets http://www.selleckchem.com/products/ABT-263.html of 32, 18.5, and 10 months, respectively, was developed. This prognostic score was validated in an independent cohort of 268 patients with WHO-defined CMML seen at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center [34]. Rates of transformation into AML vary among different series of CMML patients reported in the literature. However, most studies quote an incidence of 15�C52%, with a higher incidence (albeit statistically nonsignificant) in the CMML, MPN-type as compared to CMML, MDS-type [44-46]. Development of leukemia cutis has been shown to predict a faster progression to AML [8]. Since the first description of this disease in the 1980s, treatment options were predominantly confined to best supportive care and a ��wait and watch�� approach [15].