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9?��?4.8?weeks at time of referral. Analysis of the reason for referral showed that 39.7% (69/174) of patients sought http://www.selleckchem.com/products/byl719.html prenatal genetic counseling because they had a previous child with congenital malformation or genetic disease. Patient characteristics of consanguineous consultants and not-related controls are shown in Tables?2 and 3. The main counseling issues were family history of consanguinity (ICD Z84.3) in 31.6% (55/174), congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities (ICD Q00�CQ99) in 23.6% (41/174) and pregnancy with abortive outcome (ICD O00�CO08) in 10.3% (18/174) of all cases. Counseling issues are given in Tables?4 and 5. We sought to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of consanguineous patients among patients referred for genetic counseling. Our data suggest that data derived from the general population highly underestimate the prevalence of consanguineous patients among patients referred for prenatal genetic counseling. Furthermore, adequate counseling and public health strategies need to take into account that consanguineous patients are significantly younger and of immigrant background than not-related controls. Comparable studies evaluating the prevalence of consanguineous couples among patients referred for prenatal genetic counseling have been performed in Iran as well as in Australia where prevalences of consanguineous couples among the general population of 36.8%[12] and http://www.selleck.cn/products/gsk-j4-hcl.html these countries present completely different initial situations, the increase in percentages of consanguineous couples among the patients of prenatal genetic counseling compared with the general population was shown to be approximately twofold in both countries. Fathzadeh et al.[13] reported a prevalence of consanguinity among patients referred for prenatal genetic counseling of 85% in Iran, whereas Port et al.[7] reported a prevalence of 1.5% to 2% in Australia. No analogous studies have been conducted in Western Europe so far. We report a nearly tenfold increase compared with the estimates for the prevalence in the general population of http://www.selleckchem.com/products/BEZ235.html study. The higher rate of immigrants in Vienna, where our data were collected, in comparison with the rest of Austria[14] may have contributed to these results. Moreover, one could speculate that the awareness among referring doctors is higher than in other countries studied. This is emphasized by our result that 31.6% of patients sought genetic counseling on the ground of consanguinity alone. Nevertheless, a pregnancy rate of 46.0% among the group of consanguineous patients shows that there is a need for further awareness building to ensure referral before conception.