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The remaining caudal dimensions and caudal span remain relatively unchanged with increasing body size. Mann-Whitney U tests of all eight caudal variables showed no significant differences based on sex (Table 3). Our combined results suggest this sample was fairly homogeneous and that the total sample of sharks could be treated confidently as a single population. Comparison of the two preservative ��populations�� via a MANOVA of the partial warps initially yielded a significant difference in caudal shape (Table 4). However, the propylene glycol-stored specimens tended to be the smallest and largest individuals in the total sample. When the alcoholic specimens were restricted to the bimodal distribution of the propylene glycol specimens and a second MANOVA was run, no significant difference in caudal shape was http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Temsirolimus.html reported (Table 4). Another MANOVA of the partial warps on sex agreed with our linear data in showing no significant sex-related difference in caudal fin shape (Table 4). However, regression of the partial warps against the three measurements of body size and caudal span showed a significant, allometric shape change with increasing body length (Table 5). Deformation grids showing allometric shape changes were nearly identical for each measure of body size and for caudal span, so the deformation grids shown here are those of caudal shape regressed against caudal span. According to the thin-plate splines deformation grids there are two major allometric scaling caudal shape changes: 1) the dorsal lobe (1, 2, 3 and intervening http://www.selleckchem.com/products/DMXAA(ASA404).html semilandmarks) becomes more elongated and narrowed; and 2) the ventral lobe (3, 4, 5 and intervening semilandmarks) becomes broader and more ventrally oriented (Fig. 4). Approximately 15% of the shape variation in our sample regressed against all three body size measures and caudal span was correlated with caudal fin shape allometry (Table 5). A PCA of the partial warps supports the results of the multivariate regression that some significant ontogenetic shape trends are present. An Anderson test revealed that the first relative warp (PRIN 1) was significantly different (��2 = 7.6539, 2.1387; P http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%CE%BAB%CE%B1 tail shape differences can be explained on this component. Individuals that plot along the positive axis of PRIN 1 show an increasingly upturned and wider dorsal lobe (1, 2, 3 and intervening semilandmarks), a slightly wider tail fork (3, 4 and semilandmarks 13, 14), and a more ventrally oriented and triangular ventral lobe (3, 4, 5 and intervening semilandmarks) (Fig. 4). In contrast, a more elongate and slightly narrowed dorsal lobe (1, 2, 3 and intervening semilandmarks), a more acute tail fork (3, 4 and semilandmarks 13, 14), and a shorter and anteriorly pointing ventral lobe (3, 4, 5 and intervening semilandmarks) characterize individuals that plot negatively along the PRIN 1 axis (Fig. 4).