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All mAbs and their isotype controls were purchased from BD Biosciences. The cells were acquired with a FACS Calibur Becton Dickinson Pharmingen (San Diego, CA, USA) and analyzed with BD CellQuest software version 3.3. The frequency of CD4+CD25++IL-7R��low+ cells was analyzed by the ��t��-test. The Human Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University approved this study. Informed consent was provided for pediatric patients according to http://www.selleck.cn/products/BIBW2992.html the Declaration of Helsinki [37]. Five-hundred and thirty-seven pediatric patients of 670 patients survived at analysis (April 2008) (Figure?1). Of these, 347 patients had never been assessed as weaning IS, and were excluded from this analysis (Table?1). One-hundred and ninety patients were assessed as weaning IS. Among them, 132 patients were weaned by our elective protocol, and 58 patients stopped IS nonelectively (Figure?1). Eighty-four patients (15.6% of all the surviving patients) were included in Gr-tol (50 electively and 34 nonelectively weaned). Fifty patients were included in Gr-intol (31 electively and 19 nonelectively). Among them, 24 patients encountered acute cellular rejection (Gr-rej) while fibrosis was detected by liver biopsy in 26 patients (Gr-fib). Weaning IS was in progress in 56 patients at the time of this analysis (Figure?1). Immunosuppression withdrawal had never been attempted in 347 patients, and they remained on maintenance IS (Table?1). Eighty-five of these patients (25%) exhibited unstable liver tests. Ninety-three patients (27%) had not been followed up at http://www.selleckchem.com/products/z-vad-fmk.html Kyoto University Hospital and their current clinical status and laboratory data were missing. In 18 patients (8%), although liver function was stable, weaning IS had never been attempted because of the absence of collaboration of local physicians. http://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly2157299.html The other patients did not satisfy the criteria because of the presence of fibrosis or insufficient time from Tx (