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Sections of the cavernous nerves were excised bilaterally (5?mm), followed by immediate bilateral surgical repair. A total of 20 study nerves per group were reconstructed by interposition of empty silicon tubes and silicon tubes seeded with either glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-overexpressing or green fluorescent protein-expressing Schwann cells. Control groups were either sham-operated or received bilateral nerve transection without nerve reconstruction. Erectile function was evaluated by relaparotomy, electrical nerve stimulation and intracavernous pressure recording after 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks. The animals underwent re-exploration only once, and were killed afterwards. The nerve http://www.selleck.cn/products/CAL-101.html grafts were investigated for the maturation state of regenerating nerve fibers and the fascular composition. Recovery of erectile function took at least 4 weeks in the current model. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-transduced Schwann cell grafts restored erectile function better than green fluorescent protein-transduced controls and unseeded conduits. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-transduced grafts promoted an http://www.selleckchem.com/products/bay-57-1293.html intact erectile response (4/4) at 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks that was overall significantly superior to negative controls (P? http://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk2126458.html over an extended time frame. When the nerve has been cut or crushed and nerve function is lost, the portion of the nerve distal to the injury dies and degenerates; the proximal segment might be able to regenerate and re-establish nerve function. A crush often leaves a continuous tubal structure through which the axon can regrow, but a cut creates a gap across which the growth cone of the regenerating axon must navigate. To improve recovery, large gaps must be repaired with a graft inserted between the proximal and distal nerve stumps as a guide for the regenerating axon.