Loved Ones who support someone with MS Community Group
This group is meant for those who help someone with MS. This would include family, good friends, spouses and caregivers. It is a place to exchange good ideas that may help us in caring for those we love that have this disease.
Vitamin D3
Overview of D3 in the Body
Vitamin D3 is activated by certain UV-B rays on the skin. These UV-B rays are accessible to people around the equator year round. However, most people do not live on the equator so those who live in the north ie Michigan(US), France, Russia, etc ONLY have access to UV-B rays in summer. IF your metabolizing your fats properly then you will store vitamin D for use in the majority of the year when you do not have access to UV-B rays.
Once your skin is activated with UV-B rays and produces D3 then it goes to the liver. The liver then processes it into 25, hydroxyvitamin D. At this point it is used throughout the cells of your body. If calcium is low in the body, the kidneys process it down further into 1,25 hydroxyvitamin D which triggers your bowels to absorb more calcium. So low D can cause low calcium and thus bone health(ie osteoporosis).
The FDA in Nov 2008 has now doubled the requirements for D in children. Since other NIH studies have shown this vitamin can reduce the risk of autoimmune disease like MS, diabetes, osteoporosis, heart disease and certain types of cancer. If you are interested check to see if your multivitamin has at least 1500 IU of D3(more potent) and take it with fish oil, nuts or food with olive oil. The reason is vitamin D (A,E & K) is fat soluble. So it has to have fat in gut for it to be absorbed well. If you want, ask your doctor for more information.
Note- Most vitamins only contain D2 not D3. D3 is over 20 times more potent than D2.
Concise Health Benefits of D3
[More detailed list of this information with resources can be found below dotted line.]
Heart Disease - #1 killer of both men and women in the US
* Vitamin D analogues could help prevent or ameliorate hypertension
* Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of ..... type 1 diabetes, heart disease
* Inadequate D(3).. could play a contributory role in progression of hypertension & cardiovascular disease in elderly women
Diabetes – 1/3 of Americans are either diabetic or pre-diabetic
* D supplementation is associated with reduced risk of type 1 diabetes
* Prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease & osteoporosis
Osteoporosis
* 26% reduction in hip fracture
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
* Reduce their risk of developing RA by as much as 42%
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
* 41% decrease in the incidences of MS in white males & females
Breast Cancer
* reduction by 50% in incidence of breast cancer
Colorectal Cancer
* 50% lower incidence of colorectal cancer
Prostate Cancer
* D3 acts as a chemopreventive agent against several malignancies including cancers of the prostate and colon
* may lead to its use in the treatment or prevention of prostate cancer.
All Cancer
* Conclusion: Postmenopausal Canadian women over 55 years old studied.
All-cancer incidence was reduced by 77%.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Health Benefits – Vitamin D3 reduces the risks of getting the following diseases:
Heart Disease
General Cost of disease: For example, for one person with heart disease, costs for diagnostic tests, surgery, hospital and doctors visits, physical therapy, and drugs can add up to $121,200 over 20 years. For those needing surgery or procedures and ongoing care, heart disease and stroke can cost more than $4.8 million over a lifetime.
Source of this information: http://www.cdc.gov/NCCDPHP/publications/AAG/dhdsp.htm
http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/cdcynergy_training/content/activeinformation/resources/Heart_Disease_and_Stroke_Problem.pdf
Chances of getting it: 1/3 of all Americans die of heart disease making it the #1 killer in America of both men and women
Source of this information: http://abcnews.go.com/Health/CardiacHealth/story?id=2759392&page=1
Research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12720576?dopt=Abstract
low vitamin D status is involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Moreover, vitamin D insufficiency can lead to a disturbed muscle function. Epidemiological data also indicate a low vitamin D status in tuberculosis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, hypertension, and specific types of cancer.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12122115?dopt=Abstract
1,25(OH)(2)D(3) is a novel negative endocrine regulator of the renin-angiotensin system. Its apparent critical role in electrolytes, volume, and blood pressure homeostasis suggests that vitamin D analogues could help prevent or ameliorate hypertension.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14985208?dopt=Abstract
Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11297596?dopt=Abstract
Inadequate vitamin D(3) and calcium intake could play a contributory role in the pathogenesis and progression of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in elderly women.
Diabetes
General Cost of disease: $233,000 lifetime cost of diabetes for women
Source of this information: http://www.drdonnica.com/news/00005412.htm
Chances of getting the disease: The number of people over 20 years old in 2007 actually diagnosed with diabetes is 23.5 million or 10.7% of this age group has diabetes. 57 million Americans are PRE-diabetic so about about 21% of Americans will get diabetes if they don't reduce risk factors. So almost 32% or almost 1/3 of Americans are either diabetic or prediabetic.
Source of this information: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/general07.htm#impaired
Approx. 7% kids under 20 + 26% adults 20 years and older (57 million adults in 2007) are pre-diabetic with impaired fasting glucose (IFG).
http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2007.pdf
http://www.cdc.gov/media/pressrel/2008/r080624.htm
http://www.cdc.gov/Features/dsDiabetesTrends/
Research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3334207?dopt=Abstract
The findings that 1 alpha (OH)D3 enhances insulin secretion and reduces the levels of serum free fatty acid in non-insulin-dependent diabetics provide us with the possibility that vitamin D may play some role in the regulation of insulin secretion.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11705562?dopt=Abstract
Dietary vitamin D supplementation is associated with reduced risk of type 1 diabetes.
Osteoporosis
URLs of research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
Information: D3 is processed in liver into 25 hydroxyvitamin D when your body senses you are low in calcium it is processed into 1,25 in the kidney and triggers your bowels to absorb more calcium. So if you are low in D it can lead to low calcium which overtime can lead to osteoporosis of the bones.
http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/94/4/1244
Conclusions: Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations are common in the elderly. Bone health and physical performance in older persons are likely to improve when serum 25(OH)D is raised above 50–60 nmol/liter.
http://thediamondrun.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/vitamin-d-its-importance-for-prevention-of-bone-loss-cancer-reduction1.pdf
Conclusion: Vitamin D therapy has also been shown to improve reflexes & to reduce the risk of body sway & falls. In a recent meta-analysis, vitamin D3 supplementation was associated with a 26% reduction in hip fracture
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
General Cost of disease: Lifetime cost of MS is $2.2 million dollars (estimated in 1994)
Source of this information: http://msj.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/4/5/419
Chances of getting the disease: 1 in approximately 147 people per the average of two separate polls Montel Williams had done in 200X. The average of the two polls came to approximately 2 million people out of about 293,655,404 people in America in 2004. So approximately 1 in every 150 people will get the disease.
Source of this information: Montel Williams “Climbing Higher” book & 2004 US census information on http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0004986.html
Research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
Munger, KL, LI Levin, BW Hollis, NS Howard, A Ascherio. 2006. Serum 25 Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of American Medical Association. 296:2832-2838.
This research showed for every 50 nmol/L increase in vitamin D level there was a 41% decrease in the incidences of MS in white males and females.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/6191131.stm
http://www.nutraingredients.com/Research/Increased-vitamin-D-may-protect-against-multiple-sclerosis
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11115787
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
Merlino LA, Curtis J, Mikuls TR, Cerhan JR, Criswell LA, and Saag KG. Vitamin D intake is inversely associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatism 2004; 50(1):72-77
Recent studies have revealed that women who ingest more than 400 IU of vitamin D a day reduce their risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis by as much as 42%. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18594491
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18682414
Cancer:
Research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
http://thediamondrun.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/vitamin-d-its-importance-for-prevention-of-bone-loss-cancer-reduction1.pdf
Conclusion: Postmenopausal Canadian women (n=1179) aged over 55 years were randomized to calcium (1400mg daily), vitamin D 3 (1100 IU daily) or placebo for 4 years. During this period, serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels increased from 71.8 to 96 nmol/L. All-cancer incidence was reduced by 77%.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16236494?dopt=Citation
50% lower incidence of colorectal cancer
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14696037?dopt=Abstract
accumulating epidemiological and molecular evidence suggests that 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 acts as a chemopreventive agent against several malignancies including cancers of the prostate and colon
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10352118?dopt=Abstract
mechanisms of vitamin D action in prostate and identification of suitable analogs for use in vivo may lead to its use in the treatment or prevention of prostate cancer.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11075874?dopt=Abstract
conclude that low levels of 25-VD associated with an increased risk for subsequent earlier exposure and more aggressive development of prostate cancer, especially before the andropause.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10668487?dopt=Citation
In addition to reduction of incidence and mortality rates from colon cancer, epidemiological data suggest that intake of 800 IU/day of vitamin D may be associated with enhanced survival rates among breast cancer cases.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17368188?dopt=Citation
serum 25(OH)D to 52 ng/ml, a level associated with reduction by 50% in incidence of breast cancer
Overview of D3 in the Body
Vitamin D3 is activated by certain UV-B rays on the skin. These UV-B rays are accessible to people around the equator year round. However, most people do not live on the equator so those who live in the north ie Michigan(US), France, Russia, etc ONLY have access to UV-B rays in summer. IF your metabolizing your fats properly then you will store vitamin D for use in the majority of the year when you do not have access to UV-B rays.
Once your skin is activated with UV-B rays and produces D3 then it goes to the liver. The liver then processes it into 25, hydroxyvitamin D. At this point it is used throughout the cells of your body. If calcium is low in the body, the kidneys process it down further into 1,25 hydroxyvitamin D which triggers your bowels to absorb more calcium. So low D can cause low calcium and thus bone health(ie osteoporosis).
The FDA in Nov 2008 has now doubled the requirements for D in children. Since other NIH studies have shown this vitamin can reduce the risk of autoimmune disease like MS, diabetes, osteoporosis, heart disease and certain types of cancer. If you are interested check to see if your multivitamin has at least 1500 IU of D3(more potent) and take it with fish oil, nuts or food with olive oil. The reason is vitamin D (A,E & K) is fat soluble. So it has to have fat in gut for it to be absorbed well. If you want, ask your doctor for more information.
Note- Most vitamins only contain D2 not D3. D3 is over 20 times more potent than D2.
Concise Health Benefits of D3
[More detailed list of this information with resources can be found below dotted line.]
Heart Disease - #1 killer of both men and women in the US
* Vitamin D analogues could help prevent or ameliorate hypertension
* Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of ..... type 1 diabetes, heart disease
* Inadequate D(3).. could play a contributory role in progression of hypertension & cardiovascular disease in elderly women
Diabetes – 1/3 of Americans are either diabetic or pre-diabetic
* D supplementation is associated with reduced risk of type 1 diabetes
* Prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease & osteoporosis
Osteoporosis
* 26% reduction in hip fracture
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
* Reduce their risk of developing RA by as much as 42%
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
* 41% decrease in the incidences of MS in white males & females
Breast Cancer
* reduction by 50% in incidence of breast cancer
Colorectal Cancer
* 50% lower incidence of colorectal cancer
Prostate Cancer
* D3 acts as a chemopreventive agent against several malignancies including cancers of the prostate and colon
* may lead to its use in the treatment or prevention of prostate cancer.
All Cancer
* Conclusion: Postmenopausal Canadian women over 55 years old studied.
All-cancer incidence was reduced by 77%.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Health Benefits – Vitamin D3 reduces the risks of getting the following diseases:
Heart Disease
General Cost of disease: For example, for one person with heart disease, costs for diagnostic tests, surgery, hospital and doctors visits, physical therapy, and drugs can add up to $121,200 over 20 years. For those needing surgery or procedures and ongoing care, heart disease and stroke can cost more than $4.8 million over a lifetime.
Source of this information: http://www.cdc.gov/NCCDPHP/publications/AAG/dhdsp.htm
http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/cdcynergy_training/content/activeinformation/resources/Heart_Disease_and_Stroke_Problem.pdf
Chances of getting it: 1/3 of all Americans die of heart disease making it the #1 killer in America of both men and women
Source of this information: http://abcnews.go.com/Health/CardiacHealth/story?id=2759392&page=1
Research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12720576?dopt=Abstract
low vitamin D status is involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Moreover, vitamin D insufficiency can lead to a disturbed muscle function. Epidemiological data also indicate a low vitamin D status in tuberculosis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, hypertension, and specific types of cancer.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12122115?dopt=Abstract
1,25(OH)(2)D(3) is a novel negative endocrine regulator of the renin-angiotensin system. Its apparent critical role in electrolytes, volume, and blood pressure homeostasis suggests that vitamin D analogues could help prevent or ameliorate hypertension.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14985208?dopt=Abstract
Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11297596?dopt=Abstract
Inadequate vitamin D(3) and calcium intake could play a contributory role in the pathogenesis and progression of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in elderly women.
Diabetes
General Cost of disease: $233,000 lifetime cost of diabetes for women
Source of this information: http://www.drdonnica.com/news/00005412.htm
Chances of getting the disease: The number of people over 20 years old in 2007 actually diagnosed with diabetes is 23.5 million or 10.7% of this age group has diabetes. 57 million Americans are PRE-diabetic so about about 21% of Americans will get diabetes if they don't reduce risk factors. So almost 32% or almost 1/3 of Americans are either diabetic or prediabetic.
Source of this information: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/general07.htm#impaired
Approx. 7% kids under 20 + 26% adults 20 years and older (57 million adults in 2007) are pre-diabetic with impaired fasting glucose (IFG).
http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/pdf/ndfs_2007.pdf
http://www.cdc.gov/media/pressrel/2008/r080624.htm
http://www.cdc.gov/Features/dsDiabetesTrends/
Research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3334207?dopt=Abstract
The findings that 1 alpha (OH)D3 enhances insulin secretion and reduces the levels of serum free fatty acid in non-insulin-dependent diabetics provide us with the possibility that vitamin D may play some role in the regulation of insulin secretion.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11705562?dopt=Abstract
Dietary vitamin D supplementation is associated with reduced risk of type 1 diabetes.
Osteoporosis
URLs of research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
Information: D3 is processed in liver into 25 hydroxyvitamin D when your body senses you are low in calcium it is processed into 1,25 in the kidney and triggers your bowels to absorb more calcium. So if you are low in D it can lead to low calcium which overtime can lead to osteoporosis of the bones.
http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/94/4/1244
Conclusions: Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations are common in the elderly. Bone health and physical performance in older persons are likely to improve when serum 25(OH)D is raised above 50–60 nmol/liter.
http://thediamondrun.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/vitamin-d-its-importance-for-prevention-of-bone-loss-cancer-reduction1.pdf
Conclusion: Vitamin D therapy has also been shown to improve reflexes & to reduce the risk of body sway & falls. In a recent meta-analysis, vitamin D3 supplementation was associated with a 26% reduction in hip fracture
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
General Cost of disease: Lifetime cost of MS is $2.2 million dollars (estimated in 1994)
Source of this information: http://msj.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/4/5/419
Chances of getting the disease: 1 in approximately 147 people per the average of two separate polls Montel Williams had done in 200X. The average of the two polls came to approximately 2 million people out of about 293,655,404 people in America in 2004. So approximately 1 in every 150 people will get the disease.
Source of this information: Montel Williams “Climbing Higher” book & 2004 US census information on http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0004986.html
Research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
Munger, KL, LI Levin, BW Hollis, NS Howard, A Ascherio. 2006. Serum 25 Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of American Medical Association. 296:2832-2838.
This research showed for every 50 nmol/L increase in vitamin D level there was a 41% decrease in the incidences of MS in white males and females.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/6191131.stm
http://www.nutraingredients.com/Research/Increased-vitamin-D-may-protect-against-multiple-sclerosis
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11115787
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
Merlino LA, Curtis J, Mikuls TR, Cerhan JR, Criswell LA, and Saag KG. Vitamin D intake is inversely associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatism 2004; 50(1):72-77
Recent studies have revealed that women who ingest more than 400 IU of vitamin D a day reduce their risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis by as much as 42%. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18594491
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18682414
Cancer:
Research that shows Vitamin D reduces the chances of this disease:
http://thediamondrun.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/vitamin-d-its-importance-for-prevention-of-bone-loss-cancer-reduction1.pdf
Conclusion: Postmenopausal Canadian women (n=1179) aged over 55 years were randomized to calcium (1400mg daily), vitamin D 3 (1100 IU daily) or placebo for 4 years. During this period, serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels increased from 71.8 to 96 nmol/L. All-cancer incidence was reduced by 77%.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16236494?dopt=Citation
50% lower incidence of colorectal cancer
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14696037?dopt=Abstract
accumulating epidemiological and molecular evidence suggests that 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 acts as a chemopreventive agent against several malignancies including cancers of the prostate and colon
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10352118?dopt=Abstract
mechanisms of vitamin D action in prostate and identification of suitable analogs for use in vivo may lead to its use in the treatment or prevention of prostate cancer.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11075874?dopt=Abstract
conclude that low levels of 25-VD associated with an increased risk for subsequent earlier exposure and more aggressive development of prostate cancer, especially before the andropause.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10668487?dopt=Citation
In addition to reduction of incidence and mortality rates from colon cancer, epidemiological data suggest that intake of 800 IU/day of vitamin D may be associated with enhanced survival rates among breast cancer cases.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17368188?dopt=Citation
serum 25(OH)D to 52 ng/ml, a level associated with reduction by 50% in incidence of breast cancer
If you are anemic then usually you have an iron or B vitamin, usually B12 or P.anemia, problem. If you take iron then ask your doctor about taking it with vit C and B9-folate as this helps iron work. Plus, I would suggest eating fruits, veggies or a shot of prune juice as iron can constipate you. I would also not take milk or calcium supplements within 2 hours of this time frame as iron and calcium bind together and you just flush them down the toilet. Speak to your doctor about calcium being taken with phosphate, magnesium, vitamin D3, k vitamins and a glass of milk or something with fat because D vitamins need fat (nuts, etc) for it to be properly absorbed and used. All these vitamins taken together help reduce your chances of issues like osteoporosis.
If you have to take B vitamins then try getting oral spays or injections from your physician.
Basic Vitamin B Information
B vitamins taken orally would have to be taken in great quantities as you can only use a little less than 5% of what you consume. This is because it is such a fragile vitamin and stomach acids and enzymes break much of it down before you can use it. Even leaving the vitamins in a bottle out in the sun can break it down. Plus, if you have low intrinsic factors in the stomach needed to absorb B vitamins this can also reduce the amount of usable vitamin you get. If you can get a combination of B vitamins in an oral spray then the vitamin bypasses all of these potential issues and goes directly into your bloodstream. A lot less spray goes a whole lot further.
Vitamin B Research
You may have read my B12 information on another web forum all the way back to the first week in May 2008. I think that there are different subgroups of MS. You have different absorption/ metabolism problems that lead to different tissue degrade and symptoms.
If you have cognitive issues then more likely you at least have B vitamins tested by a doctor. I also think this group of cognitive issues should also have estriol and testosterone issues checked by an endocrinologist. As your liver needs so much B vitamins for it to process these hormones. Brenda I think I actually talked to you about this again on Friday and then Saturday I picked up the article below.
Well I picked up another research article I ordered for free (instead of getting it online for about $30). . The findings are below and seem to give my theory more merit.
---------------------------
Since you have to pay for the article I am not posting the useless URL
Article: Serum Homocysteine Levels in Relation to MS. Plasma Homocysteine levels in MS
Journal of Neurology, Nerosurgery & Psychiatry
Number:79 Date:2008 Pages: 1349-1353
Homocysteine is higher if B vitamins are lower.
As far as the article goes these are a few abbreviations it uses PASAT is a cognitive test. RRMS (Remitting Relapsing MS), SPMS(Secondary Progressive MS), PPMS (Primary Progressive), etc
Abstract Results:
PASAT(cognitive test) was lower in patients with SPMS with top homocystiene levels (so low B vitamins.)
High homocysteine levels(low B vitamins) are assoc with decline in PASAT (lower cognitive scores) during follow-up with PPMS.
Conclusion: Serum total homocysteine levele are associated with several measures of disease progression in MS but are not elevated in patients with MS compared to controls. Question: is Homocysteine directly impacting MS or does it reflect a more general neurodegenerative process.
The discussion had some good points too.
They wonder if B9 (folate) would positively affect cognitive functions in MS.
"There are various options for the biological consequences of high homocysteine levels in MS." IE effects could be mediated by the reduced availability of methionine. S-Adenosylmethionine is a methyl donor needed for neuronal homostasis(healthy balance). Methylation of myelin basic protein argnine is important.
Homocysteine can influence..cytokine production(this affects inflammation in body).
Homocysteine can influence..effects of nitric oxide production in MS via formation of nitrosohomocysteine.
The last paragraph says "serum homocysteine levels are related to the cross sectional and longitudinal measures of disease progression in progressive MS subtypes." ie SPMS & PPM
B1 Thiamine
B2 Riboflavin
B3 Niacin
B4 Niacinamide
B5 Panthothe- nic Acid
B6 Pyridoxine
B7 Biotin or Vit H
B8 Inositol
B9 Folic Acid or Folate
B10 PABA (Para-aminobenzoic Acid)
B11 Choline
B12 Coblamin
B13 Orotic Acid
B14
B15 Pangamic Acid
B16 Pyridoxine Hydrocholide
B17 Laetrile
-----------
List of Other Vitamin Names
This is for your reference so when you see a vitamin by either name you will know what the research is talking about.
A Retinol
C Ascorbic Acid
D2 Calciferol
D3 cholecalciferol
E Betacaroten (Tocopherol)
K Phylloquinone
P Bioflavonoids
Co Enzyme Q10 or Ubiquinone
Prebiotics
Prebiotics are what probiotic bacteria feed on and make them thrive. Some types of PREbiotics that help lead to greater numbers of probiotic bacteria are: Inulin, oligosaccharides and fructooligosaccharides, etc.
Probiotics Are Good Gut Bacteria
Gut bacteria, according to the below research does the following:
Triggers proteins to protect gut, block inflammatory response, modulation of immune responses via the gut's mucosa, it helps produce vitamins like K2, B12, B13, B15 & probiotics even affect metabolism. If probiotics can influence the way in which bile acids are metabolised, this means they could change how much fat the body is able to absorb. Helps eczema and is "safe and effective way to alleivate IBS."
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/07/040723091648.htm
Good Bacteria Trigger Proteins To Protect The Gut
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/09/000904092755.htm
Non-Pathogenic Bacteria Block Inflammatory Response Pathway In Intestinal Tract
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/03/080312141253.htm
New Defense Mechanism Against Intestinal Inflammation Found
ScienceDaily (Mar. 15, 2008) — The body's first line of defense against pathogenic bacteria that we ingest may not be the immune system but rather the cells that line the intestine. This surprising conclusion is just one facet of a study by Dr. Maya Saleh, a researcher at the Research institute of the McGill University Health Centre that will be published in the journal Cell Host & Microbe on March 12.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080520122743.htm
It is not clear how probiotics exert their health effects, but one of the most probable action mechanisms is the modulation of immune responses via the gut's mucosa.... It was found that probiotics have an anti-inflammatory potential
http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_15-1-2008-16-43-4?newsid=24454
Probiotics affect metabolism- One of the many biochemical changes observed by the researchers was a change in how mice treated with probiotics metabolised bile acids. These acids are made by the liver and their primary function is to emulsify fats in the upper gut. If probiotics can influence the way in which bile acids are metabolized, this means they could change how much fat the body is able to absorb.
Note- Vitamins A, E, K and D need proper fat absorption for them to work otherwise you can suffer deficiencies. Again you nee proper D absorption for Calcium(bone health) and B Complex(Nerve health) to work.
VSL#3
http://www.nature.com/ajg/journal/v104/n2/abs/ajg2008118a.html
American Journal Gastroenterol 2009; 104:437–443; doi:10.1038/ajg.2008.118; published online 20 January 2009
This is the first pediatric, randomized, placebo-controlled trial that suggests the efficacy and safety of a highly concentrated mixture of probiotic bacterial strains (VSL#3) in active UC and demonstrates its role in maintenance of remission.
http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/vitamins/vitaminK/
Bacteria produce vitamin K2
Me-- B12, B13(Orotic Acid) and B15 are also produced in part by our gut bacteria.
Bifidobacterium is the kind my son uses for his Eczema and is good for kids. The 1st and 3rd, Lactobacillus acidophilus & paracasei are both mentioned in the Nestle research I was reading about (see below link).
http://www.research.nestle.com/innovations_publications/Publications/PublicationDetails.htm?search=gut+bacteria&title=False&author=False&bibliography=False&sort=0&pguid=79ED16E2-76FF-4B7C-9CA3-1D2824875EC2
Journal: PROBIOTICS AND PREBIOTICS : SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS, ED. G.W. TANNOCK, PUBL. CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS, 2005, Chapter 5, pp. 97-128
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17919270?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=1&log
Conclusion of below research: "This multispecies probiotic seems to be an effective and safe option to alleviate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and to stabilize the intestinal microbiota." Strains researched here were Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, L. rhamnosus Lc705, Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis Bb12.
Bad Types of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines
According to the below research bad cytokines include but is not limited to: IL-1Beta, IL-6 and TNF alpha.
"Nerve injury induces changes in growth-factor expression...The injured axons by losing connectivity with the peripheral tissues lose trophic influences. The increased expression of trophic factors in the denervated tissues on the otherhand & “overtroph” the remaining (intact) fibers. NGF might be one of the villains in the case of overtrophing,
whereas GDNF (glial-derived neurotropic factor)might be the missing growth factor, absence of which generates the pain-signaling mechanisms in the injured L5 spinal nerve."
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1810425
Neuroprotection and repair by nerotrophic and gliotrophic factors in multiple sclerosis. Based on the efficacy of immunomodulatory therapies in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), much of the research and thinking about pathogenesis and treatment has traditionally focused on suppressing the immune system. Whatever the cause, recent studies have rekindled the notion that neurologic dysfunction in patients with MS relates best to the degree of neuronal (axonal) and glial damage....
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmed&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=17548567&ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
Another study on how Bifidobacterium animalis MB5 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) protect intestinal & reduce cytokine and chemokineexpression. Per the research above, IL-1beta, Il-6 and TNF-alpha are bad. They increase Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). You need more glial-derrived neurotropic factor (GDNF).
Me- Has anyone tried more GDNF through doc and if so did it work?
Article: "Moreover, the probiotics prevented the ETEC-induced increased expression of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and decrease of transforming growth factor-alpha, which are regulators of chemokine expression. These results indicate that B. animalis MB5 and LGG protect intestinal cells from the inflammation-associated response caused by ETEC K88 by partly reducing pathogen adhesion and by counteracting neutrophil migration, probably through the regulation of chemokine and cytokine expression."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16768842?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=5&log
"Soluble proteins produced by probiotic bacteria regulate intestinal epithelial cell survival and growth.
The probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and factors recovered from LGG broth culture supernatant
CONCLUSIONS: p75 and p40 are the first probiotic bacterial proteins demonstrated to promote intestinal epithelial homeostasis through specific signaling pathways. These findings suggest that probiotic bacterial components may be useful for preventing cytokine-mediated gastrointestinal diseases. "
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17258729
LGG is one strain of Probiotic. "Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), prevents cytokine-induced apoptosis in two different intestinal epithelial cell models.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12393915?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=1&log
Note- There are also ANTI-inflammatory cytokines are that are good for your body.
1.) Vitamin D3 is fat soluble vitamin. What does this mean? Well you have to take it with fat [ie fish oil, olive oil, nuts with oil] to be able to absorb it through the GI wall into the blood.
2a.) You also need a healthy GI wall. What does this entail? Well you have to have more good bacteria than bad. The good bacteria protect the GI lining and some kill the bad bacteria.
2b.) You need to avoid allergens and foods that can cause damage to your INDIVIDUAL GI lining. This can mean avoiding casein (dairy milk protein), eggs or grain/gluten proteins. There are 2 main classes of glutens called gluteins and prolaminines. Each of these two groups have many proteins that can cause gluten sensitivity and in some develop later into full blown autoimmune celiac's disease. If you want more information on testing to find out what is an issue for you and more about glutens go to the below URL
* http://www.dailystrength.org/groups/recipes-2-avoid-allergens--reduce-immune-response/discussions/messages/17563769
* image located at the bottom of URL http://www.dailystrength.org/groups/recipes-2-avoid-allergens--reduce-immune-response
2c.) The other thing that needs to happen in the GI is for the liver to dump bile into the lumen. This bile breaks down the fat so it can be absorbed through the GI lining.
3.) Your Liver needs to be healthy enough to process and store your fat soluble vitamins.
4.) Stress and and under active right hemisphere of the brain can negatively impact GI function. As it is the right side of the brain that helps regulate the parasympathetic rest and digest (GI) portion of the body. The left side of the brain regulates sympathetic flight of fight stress response. If you are under constant stress or your right side of your brain is under developed you are going to lean toward a stress response and therefore the right side parasympathetic digestion (GI) is not properly stimulated.
----
A.) So take vitamin D3 with fish oil, or some other good fats that your body needs (HDL is good).
B.) So what can you do if you have too many bad bacteria?
You could take enteric coated probiotics with a large glass of water (dilutes stomach acids so more of the bacteria make it alive to the GI).
C.) You can get tested, see tests in the first URL above, to what might be causing your INDIVIDUAL allergens/autoimmune response.
If you have a huge number of allergens make sure your getting enough digestive enzymes and help your right hemisphere of your brain which will help digestive processes.
D.) You can be kind to your liver (see my other posts on all what the liver does for you..it is AMAZING). This means lower sugar diet (not no sugar) which is also good for your good bacteria as bad fungals love sugar. Reduce alcohol consumption which is also a sugar.
Eat lots of greens, spinach, artichoke are also good for liver.
Supplements to talk to your doc about are NAC, SAMe, Alpha lipoic acid & milk thistle.
E.) If you grew up constantly stressed /trauma look at how to help your brain better down regulate stress while helping it to digest better. You can read Sally Goddard's Primary Brain Reflexes book and / or look into Neurocore's Neuro feedback that helps train your brain to live in a calmer state. Depending on your theta/beta wave ratio you may qualify for insurance to help cover your costs in some states ie Michigan. There is a lot of research on neuro- feedback which punishes higher beta waves by turning off a movie and when your brain (EEG waves) lower then it will reward your brain by turning the movie back on to stimulate it.
All of these things can impact vitamin D3 levels in the body and if you feel any of this applies to you then talk to a doctor.
Best wishes,
EP
Ann Neurol. 2010 Aug;68(2):193-203. doi: 10.1002/ana.22043.
Higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with lower relapse risk in multiple sclerosis.
by Simpson S Jr, et al.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20695012