At Challenge Aspen, we recommend using the following useful tips for communicating with people with disabilities:

1. When talking with a person with a disability, speak directly to that person rather than through a companion or sign language interpreter.

2. Use “person-first language” such as “person with a disability”. Avoid terms such a “handicapped”, “disabled” and “impaired”.

3. When introduced to a person with a disability, it is appropriate to offer to shake hands. People with limited hand use or who wear an artificial limb can usually shake hands.

4. When meeting a person who is visually impaired, always identify yourself and others who may be with you. When conversing in a group, remember to identify the person to whom you are speaking.

5. It is okay to offer assistance, and it is often welcomed. Wait until the offer is accepted. Then listen to or ask for instructions.

6. Treat adults as adults. Address people who have disabilities by their first names only when extending the same familiarity to all others. (Never patronize people who use wheelchairs by patting them on the head or shoulders).

7. Leaning on or hanging on to a person’s wheelchair is similar to leaning on or hanging on to a person and is generally considered annoying. The chair is part of the personal body space of the person who uses it.

8. Listen attentively when you’re talking with a person who has difficulty speaking. Be patient and wait for the person to finish, rather than correcting or speaking for the person. If necessary, ask short questions that require short answers, a nod or shake of the head. Never pretend to understand if you are having difficulty doing so. Instead, repeat what you have understood and allow the person to respond.

9. When speaking with a person who uses a wheelchair or a person who uses crutches, place yourself at eye level in front of the person to facilitate the conversation.

10. To get the attention of a person who is deaf, tap the person on the shoulder or wave your hand. Look directly at the person and speak clearly, slowly, and expressively to determine if the person can read lips. For those who do lip read, be sensitive to their needs by placing yourself so that you face the light source.

11. Relax and be yourself. Don’t be embarrassed if you happen to use accepted, common expressions such as “See you later” or “Did you hear about that?” that seem to relate to a person’s disability.

12. Don’t be afraid to ask questions when you’re unsure of what to do.

“If you make a mistake, it’s okay. Apologize, learn from it and move on. Treat others as you would wish to be treated … with respect and consideration”.