Inguinal hernias are protrusions of abdominal cavity contents through an area of the abdominal wall commonly referred to as the groin, and known in anatomic language as the inguinal area or the myopectineal orifice. They are very common and their repair is one of the most frequently performed surgical operations. There are two types of inguinal hernia, direct and indirect. (Femoral hernias occur within the same "myopectineal orifice," but are usually classed as separate from the "inguinal" hernias.)
Inguinal hernias usually arise as a consequence of the descent of the testis from the abdomen into the scrotum during early fetal life. They are more commonly seen in men due to larger size of their inguinal canal, which transmitted the testicle and accommodates the structures of the spermatic cord. Men are 25 times more likely to have a groin hernia than women, but since this is such a common problem in the general population (it is estimated that 5% of the population will develop an abdominal wall hernia), inguinal hernia is not extremely uncommon in women. Direct hernias however are very uncommon in women.
Surgical correction of inguinal hernias, called a herniorraphy or hernioplasty, is now often performed as an ambulatory, or "day surgery," procedure.